Well, debris inhibition of operation would depend greatly on the geometry of how they open; horizontally and perpendicularly from the wall's length, or swinging down from bottom hinges, etc. It'd still rely on the tremendous pressure from the water on the landward side to force them open. If there's that much water, the gates will open, and even partial openings would be better than none. I think most all of the debris would be manmade junk, trees, and such on the landward side, not seaward (the direction the gates would open into.) As far as subsequent tsunamis, I'd say it's the first one in most any case that causes the most destruction, and there would be some provision for clearing and reclosing the gates in a timely manner. As far as height, strength, etc. for the wall itself, that would be based on risk analysis, like anything else built to withstand stresses up to specified levels. Again, I emphasize the gates wouldn't require an artificial power source to operate in the most critical phase, unlike the catch-22 of the power plants that don't have power to operate the cooling pumps. Or there could be motors to operate them, too, should there still be power available, with water pressure giving a tremendous assist. Lastly, clearing debris so they could operate would be a lot more solvable problem than containing fuel rod meltdowns and containment breaches.